qv$_¡i fpl¡Å

byT NC Apk Ry>` Nep spfp
\f-\fpsp flp ^y„Ap sÞlp

Arc_¡Óu du_p Ly$dpfu AÃR>u ipefu `Z L$fu iL$sp„ lsp„ A¡_p¡ Ap A¡L$ _d|_p¡ R>¡. I Write I Recite _pd_p L$pìek„N°ldp„ du_pLy$dpfuA¡ gM¡gu `p¡sp_u Dv$pku_¡, v$v®$_¡ ìe¼s L$fsu L¡$V$gue ipefuAp¡_p¡ k„N°l R>¡.

du_pLy$dpfu `f qaëdphpe¡gp„ L¡$Vgp„L$ M|b ÅZusp„ Nusp¡
Nus	qaëd	NpeL$
bQ`_ L$u  dp¡låbs L$p¡	b¥Sy> bphfp	gsp d„N¡iL$f
_p bp¡g¡ _p  bp¡g¡	ApTpv$	gsp d„N¡iL$f
AÆb v$põsp„ l¥  e¡	qv$g A`_p Ap¥f  âus `fpeu	gsp d„N¡iL$f
v$p¡ rkspfp¢ L$p  ApS> Td] `f	L$p¡lu_|f	gsp d„N¡iL$f,  dp¡lçdv$ fau
Äep¡rs L$gi  R>gL¡$	cpcu L$u Q|qX$ep„	gsp d„N¡iL$f
_ ÅAp¡ k¦ep	kplb buhu Ap¥f  Nygpd	Nusp v$Ñ
k„kpf k¡ cpN¡  qafs¡ lp¡	rQÓg¡Mp	gsp d„N¡iL$f
sp¡fp d_ v$f`_  L$lgpe¡	L$pS>g	Apip cp¡kg¡
vyq_ep L$f¡ khpg  sp¡ ld	blzb¡Nd	gsp d„N¡iL$f
Qgs¡ Qgs¡	`pL$uTp	gsp d„N¡iL$f

31du dpQ®, 2002_p du_pLy$dpfu_p Ahkp__¡ 30 hj® husu Nep„. `Z lÆe A¡ Ap„kycu_u Ap„Mp¡hpmu V²¡$S>¡X$u ¼hu_¡ s¡d_p QplL$p¡_p qv$gdp„ A¡ S> õ\p_ Åmhu fp¿ey„ R>¡. 40 hj®_u Jdf¡ rghf_u budpfu\u s¡d_y„ d©Ðey \ey„ lsy„.

s¡d_y„ Akg _pd sp¡ dlS>bu_ ls„y `Z qaëdp¡_p `fv¡$ s¡Ap¡ du_pLy$dpfu _pd\u ÅZusp„ bÞep„. Agu bn S>¡hp k„NusL$pf r`sp_¡ Ðep„ S>Þd¡gp„ du_p Ly$dpfuA¡ bpm`Zdp„ S> qaëdp¡dp„ A¡[¼V„$N iê$ L$fhu `X$u lsu. `¥kp_u s„NuA¡ s¡d_u b¡ bl¡_p¡ Myfiuv$ A_¡ d^y_¡ `Z qaëdp¡dp„ Aphhp dS>b|f L$fu lsu. 1939dp„ rhS>e cË$_u g¡^f a¡k _pd_u qaëd\u du_pLy$dpfuA¡ qaëdu L¡$qfef iê$ L$fu. s¡dp„ lufp¡ S>efpS> lsp.

1940_p v$peL$p_p A„sdp„ A_¡ 1950_p v$peL$p_u iê$Apsdp„ s¡dZ¡ d¡Ãep¡f fp¡g L$fhp iê$ L$fu v$u^p. dNfyf qaëddp„ S>efpS> kpd¡ S> rlfp¡B_ sfuL¡$ Apìep„, `Z qL$õds `gV$pC rhS>e cË$_u S> b¥Sy> bphfp (1952) qaëd\u. s¡ qaëddp„ Np¥fu_p `pÓdp„ du_pLy$dpfu A¡hp„ R>hpC Nep„ L¡$ s¡d_¡ `l¡ghl¡gp¡ qaëda¡f_p¡ b¡õV$ A¡¼V²¡$k_p¡ Ahp¡X®$ `Z dþep¡. ep¡Np_yep¡N b¥Sy> bphfp `l¡gp„ du_p Ly$dpfuA¡ qX$f¡¼V$f L$dpg Adfp¡lu kp\¡ q_L$pl L$fu gu^p lsp. L$dpg_p„ s¡Ap¡ buÅ„ `Ð_u lsp„.

s¡ `R>u rbdg fp¡e_u qaëd `qfZusp (1953)dp„ `Z s¡d_¡ A¡hp¡X®$ dþep¡. Aip¡L$ Ly$dpf kp\¡_u A¡ qaëd `R>u s¡dZ¡ 14 qaëdp¡dp„ v$pv$pdyr_ kp\¡ L$pd L$ey¯ lsy„.

20 hj®_u Jdf¡ sp¡ du_p Ly$dpfu õV$pf b_u Nep„ lsp„. A¡ Jdf¡ v$pefp (dp¡V$u Jdf_p `yfyj kp\¡ `fZsu eyhsu sfuL¡$), A¡L$ lu fpõsp (ky_ug v$Ñ_u rh^hp `Ð_u_p¡ fp¡g L$ep£ lsp¡. S>¡_u kp\¡ Aip¡L$ Ly$dpf kdpS>_p„ b„^_p¡ aNphu gÁ_ L$f¡ R>¡) A_¡ ipfv$p (fpS> L$`|f_u â¡rdL$p_p¡ fp¡g, S>¡ s¡_p r`sp kp\¡ `fZ¡ R>¡)dp„ s¡d_p¡ `ap£dÞk M|b hMZpep¡ lsp¡.

1950_p Afkpdp„ du_p Ly$dpfuA¡ ki¼s Arc_e_u S>ê$fs lp¡e A¡hp„ `pÓp¡ L$fhp_y„ iê$ L$fu v$u^y„ lsy„. sp¡ kp\p¡kp\ s¡dZ¡ qL$ip¡f Ly$dpf kp\¡ BëTpd A_¡ buÆ lgL$ua|gL$u A¡hu R> qaëdp¡ `Z L$fu.

'60_p v$peL$pdp„ sp¡ du_pLy$dpfu v$v®$cfu c|rdL$p L$fhp dpV¡$ M|b ÅZusp„ b_u Nep„ lsp„. qv$g A`_p Ap¥f âus `fpeu qaëddp„ (S>¡dp„ â¡du fpS> Ly$dpf _pqv$fp kp\¡ gÁ_ L$f¡ R>¡) s¡d_y„ `pÓ M|b hMZpey„ A_¡ qaëd rlV$ \C.

`pZuv$pf Ap„Mp¡dp„ Ap„ky_u b„yv$ TmL$su lp¡e A¡hp ku_dp„ s¡Ap¡ h^pf¡ M|bk|fs gpNsp„ `Z kpQu tS>v$Nudp„ s¡Ap¡ L$v$u L$p¡C hps\u lQdQu S>sp„ _l]. AQp_L$ L$p¡C s¡d_p ê$ddp„ Aphu Åe A_¡ Å¡f\u bfpX$p¡ `pX¡$ sp¡ `Z s¡Ap¡ S>fpe ApOps `pçep hNf lmh¡L$\u `pR>m afsp„ A_¡ Å¡sp„, L$v$pQ A¡V$g¡ S> s¡Ap¡ V²¡$rS>L$ fp¡gdp„ gpNZuAp¡ `f_p¡ L$pb| AkfL$pfL$ fus¡ bsphu iL$sp„.

Ap v$fçep_ ÷uâ^p_ qaëdp¡_p¡ eyN iê$ \ep¡ lsp¡. 1962dp„ qaëda¡f A¡hp¡X®$dp„ b¡õV$ A¡¼V²¡k L¡$V¡$Nfudp„ du_p Ly$dpfu_¡ Apfsu, kplb buhu Ap¥f Nygpd A_¡ d¦ Q|` fl|„Nu qaëdp¡ dpV¡$ A¡d ÓZ ÓZ _p¡rd_¡i_ dþep„ lsp„. s¡dp„ kplb buhu Ap¥f Nygpd_u R>p¡V$u blz d¡v$p_ dpfu NC.

1964dp„ L$dpg Adfp¡lu kp\¡_p k„b„^p¡dp„ c„NpZ `X$hp_u hps¡ s¡d_u V²¡$S>¡X$u ¼hu__u Bd¡S> h^y dS>b|s b_phu. s¡dZ¡ A¡ Bd¡S> v|$f L$fhp k„Oj® L$fhp_¡ bv$g¡ A¡hu S> c|rdL$pAp¡ L$fhp_y„ Qpgy fp¿ey„. fpS> Ly$dpf, âv$u` Ly$dpf A_¡ ^d£ÞÖ kp\¡ qaëdp¡ L$fu. A¡L$ kde¡ ^d£ÞÖ kp\¡ s¡d_y„ _pd `Z Å¡X$pey„ lsy„. `Z s¡_p\u s¡d_u gp¡L$râespdp„ L$p¡C Ap¡V$ _lp¡su Aphu.

`Z s¡ `R>u du_p Ly$dpfu_u Q„v$_ L$p `g_p A_¡ dTgu v$uv$u qaëdp¡ blz Qpgu _l]. A_¡ A^|fpdp„ `|fy„, 1968dp„ s¡Ap¡ N„cuf budpfudp„ `V$L$pep„ A_¡ s¡d_¡ HÁg¡ÞX$ kpfhpf dpV¡$ S>hy„ `X$éy„.

HÁg¡ÞX$\u `pR>p„ Apìep„ Ðepf¡ QqfÓ Arc_¡Óu_u c|rdL$pAp¡ s¡d_u fpl Å¡su lsu. 1970dp„ S>hpb qaëddp„ bmpÐL$pf_p¡ cp¡N b_su ÷u A_¡ 1971dp„ vy$íd_dp„ rh^hp_u c|rdL$p L$fu.

bp¡guh|X$_u bv$gpsu spkufdp„ du_pLy$dpfuA¡ ipefu, ifpb A_¡ _hp v$p¡õsp¡dp„ `p¡sp_u A¡L$gsp c|ghp_p¡ âepk L$ep£. s¡dZ¡ NygTpf (d¡f¡ A`_¡) A_¡ kph_ Ly$dpf V$pL$ (Np¡dsu L¡$ qL$_pf¡) S>¡hp _hp qX$f¡¼V$f_u raëdp¡ `Z L$fu.

`Z lÆ s¡d_u A¡L$ î¡›$ qaëd Aphhp_u lsu. Adfp¡lu_u qaëd `pL$uTpdp„ L$pd L$fhp bv$g du_pLy$dpfu_¡ kp¡_p_u Aifau Q|L$hpC lsu.

qaëd_p¡ L¡$hp¡ qfõ`p¡Þk dmi¡ s¡_u i¼esp rhQpfhp ky_ug v$Ñ A_¡ _frNk¡ `pL$uTp_p \p¡X$p fiuT Å¡ep A_¡ Adfp¡lu_¡ Ap cìe qaëd `|fu L$fhp L$üy„. 1956dp„ iê$ \e¡gu qaëd ApMf¡ `|fu \C. du_pLy$dpfu_u srbes L$\mu flu lsu `Z `pL$uTpdp„ kpfp Of_u hlz b_hp_p„ k`_p„ Å¡su shpea_p fp¡gdp„ s¡dZ¡ S>¡ `ap£dÞk Apàep¡ s¡ epv$Npf b_u Nep¡.

A_¡ `pL$uTp qfrgT \C s¡_p A¡L$pv$b¡ drl_pdp„ S> 31 dpQ®, 1972_p qv$hk¡ V²¡$S>¡X$u ¼hu_¡ vy$r_ep_¡ ApMfu kgpd L$fu.

du_pLy$dpfu_u kudprQl¹_ê$` qaëdp¡
hj®	qaëd	lufp¡
1952	b¥Sy> bphfp	cpfs c|jZ
1955	ApTpv$	qv$gu` Ly$dpf
1957	ipfv$p	fpS> L$`|f
1960	qv$g A`_p Ap¥f âus `fpeu	fpS> Ly$dpf
1962	kplb buhu Ap¥f Nygpd	Nyfy v$Ñ
1962	Apfsu	Aip¡L$ Ly$dpf, âv$u` Ly$dpf
1963	qv$g A¡L$ d„qv$f	fpS> Ly$dpf, fpS>¡ÞÖ Ly$dpf
1965	L$pS>g	fpS> Ly$dpf, ^d¡ÞÖ
1972	`pL$uTp	fpS> Ly$dpf

Ap `Z hp„Qp¡
kv$pblpf fp¡d¡[ÞV$L$ lufp¡ v¡$hv$Ñ, _l] v¡$h Ap_„v$

qX$TpB_ : Dv$e Ly$qL$e_