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NC L$pg¡ Adv$phpv$_p v$qfep`yf rhõspfdp„ sp¡ap_p¡ \ep„ Ðepf¡ `p¡guk¡ 90 fpDÞX$ Np¡mubpf L$ep£ lsp¡. kpdpÞe k„Å¡Np¡dp„ Ap âdpZ h^pf¡ `X$sy„ NZpe. NyS>fpsdp„ `p¡guk¡ ApX¡$^X$ bm_p¡ D`ep¡N L$ep£ lp¡e A¡hp¡ Ap `l¡gp¡ b_ph _\u. A¡L$ hj® `l¡gp„ kyfsdp„ NZ¡irhkS>®__¡ qv$hk¡ kpdpÞe `Õ\fdpfp¡ L$fsp V$p¡mp D`f `p¡guk¡ 70\u h^y fpDÞX$ Np¡mubpf L$ep£ lsp¡, S>¡_¡ gu^¡ 8 ìe[¼sAp¡_p„ d©Ðey \ep„ lsp„. Åd_Nf _ÆL$ Aph¡gp agp Npddp„ `pZu_p âï_¡ Ap„v$p¡g_ L$fu fl¡gp M¡X|$sp¡ D`f `Z `p¡guk¡ ApX¡$^X$ Np¡mubpf L$fsp„ 3 M¡X|$sp¡_p d©Ðey \ep„ lsp„. A¡ `l¡gp„ i„L$ftkl hpO¡gp_u kfL$pf lsu Ðepf¡ dpd|gu bpbs¡ L¡$ip¡v$dp„ `p¡guk¡ L$f¡gp Np¡mubpf_¡ L$pfZ¡ 4 ìe[¼sAp¡_p„ d©Ðey \ep„ lsp„.

V$p¡my„ tlkp `f Esfu Aph¡ Ðepf¡ `p¡guk¡ iy„ L$fhy„? `p¡guk l„d¡ip„ bQph L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$, gp¡L$p¡_p Å_dpg_p fnZ dpV¡$ V$p¡mp„ `f Np¡mubpf L$fhp rkhpe R|>V$L$p¡ _\u.

Å¡L¡$ lf¡_ `„X$ép S>¡hp N©lâ^p_ L$b|g¡ R>¡ L¡$, `p¡guk¡ bm_p¡ D`ep¡N _pR|>V$L¡$ S> L$fhp¡ Å¡CA¡ A_¡ `p¡guk¡ bm_p¡ D`ep¡N ¼ep„ A_¡ L¡$V$gp¡ L$fhp¡ A¡ _½$u L$fhp dpV¡$ A¡L$ Mpk L$rdV$u_u r_dZ|L$ `Z \C R>¡.

Apd R>sp„ hpf¡sl¡hpf¡ `p¡guk b¡apd Np¡mubpf L$f¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ ÄeyqX$rieg BÞ¼hpefu L$rdV$u_u r_dZ|L$ L$fu_¡ kfL$pf lp\ ^p¡C _pM¡ R>¡.

Adv$phpv$_p ÅZusp A¡X$¹hp¡L¡$V$ A_¡ dp_h Ar^L$pf dpV¡$ kss gX$sp fl¡sp rNfui `V¡$g¡ Ap bpbs¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡d kp\¡ g„bpZ`|h®L$ hpsQus L$fu.

NC L$pg¡ b_¡gp b_ph_p k„v$c®dp„ rNfuicpC L$l¡ R>¡, ""Ap âï_ ApS>_p¡ _\u. rb°qV$i ipk__p kde\u kss QQp®Ap¡ \su fl¡ R>¡ L¡$, `p¡guk¡ Np¡mubpf_p¡ Apifp¡ ¼epf¡ g¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡. Ap`Zu L$d_kubu R>¡ L¡$ ApS>¡ ApTpv$u_p„ 50 hj® `R>u `Z `p¡guk¡ L¡$V$gp bm_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp¡ A¡_p„ L$p¡C ^pfp^p¡fZ _½$u \ep„ _\u. 1956dp„ dlpNyS>fps_p Ap„v$p¡g__p `l¡g¡ qv$hk¡ Adv$phpv$dp„ R>p¡L$fpAp¡ D`f `p¡guk¡ b¡apd Np¡mubpf L$ep£ lsp¡ Ðepf¡ dp¡fpfÆ v¡$kpCA¡ L$l¡gy„ L¡$, "sd¡ `Õ\f dpfip¡ sp¡ Ad¡ Np¡mu dpfuiy„.'

tlkL$ V$p¡mp kp\¡ L$C fus¡ hs®hy„ A¡_p¡ Dëg¡M q¾$rd_g âp¡kuS>f L$p¡Xdp„ R>¡ S.> `p¡guk_y„ hgZ l„d¡ip„ L$pev$p¡ A_¡ ìehõ\p_u [õ\rs Åmhhp_y„ lp¡hy„ Å¡CA¡, _l] L¡$ L$p¡C_¡ Msd L$fu _pMhp_y„. L$p¡X$dp„ L$l¡hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡ L¡$, `p¡guk¡ rinp L$fhp dpV¡$ bm_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp_p¡ _\u.

(1) `l¡gp Q¡shZu Ap`hu, (2) Ðepf `R>u gpW$uQpS>® L$fhp¡, (3) `R>u V$uAf N¡k R>p¡X$hp¡, (4) lhpdp„ Np¡mubpf L$fhp¡ A_¡ R>¡hV¡$ (5) Np¡mubpf L$fhp¡ S> `X¡$ sp¡ L$df\u _uQ¡_p cpNdp„ S> Np¡mu hpN¡ A¡ âdpZ¡ Np¡mubpf L$fhp¡, `f„sy `p¡guk_¡ Ap bpbs¡ L$p¡C V²¡$t_N A`psu _\u A_¡ `p¡guk NcfpC S>C_¡ ApX¡$^X$ Np¡mubpf L$f¡ R>¡. S>¡ N¡fL$pev¡$kf R>¡ A_¡ AÞepeu R>¡.

Ad¡ Ap bpbs¡ hpf„hpf fS|>Apsp¡ L$fu R>¡, `f„sy kfL$pf `f L$p¡C Akf \su _\u. kfL$pf ÄeyqX$rieg s`pk Ål¡f L$fu_¡ lp\ M„M¡fu _pM¡ R>¡. ÄeyqX$rieg s`pkdp„ gp„bp¡ kde _uL$mu Åe R>¡ A_¡ gp¡L$p¡_p¡ fk EX$u Åe R>¡. lÆ ky^u d¢ Å¡ey„ _\u L¡$ L$p¡C `Z ÄeyqX$rieg s`pk_y„ L$p¡C `qfZpd Apìey„ lp¡e A_¡ S>hpbv$pf_¡ kÅ \C lp¡e. d¢ A_ycìey„ R>¡ L¡$ ÄeyqX$rieg s`pk v$frdep_ `p¡guk gp¡L$p¡_p„ r_h¡v$_p¡ gC g¡ R>¡ L¡$ `qf[õ\rs A¡V$gu õap¡V$L$ lsu L¡$, Np¡mubpf L$fhp¡ AphíeL$ lsp¡. gp¡L$p¡ `Z `p¡guk kp\¡ vy$íd_phV$ L$fhp _l] dpNsp lp¡hp\u Ap âL$pf_p„ r_h¡v$_p¡ Ap`u v¡$ R>¡.''

Äepf¡ i„L$ftkl hpO¡gp NyS>fps_p dy¿e â^p_ lsp Ðepf¡ dy„bCdp„ Ap„b¡X$L$f_p `|smp_¡ S|>sp„_p¡ lpf `l¡fphhp bpbs¡ sp¡ap_p¡ \ep„ lsp„. NyS>fpsdp„ Ap bpbs¡ b„^_y„ A¡gp_ Ap`hpdp„ Apìey„ lsy„. L¡$ip¡v$dp„ khZ®Ap¡A¡ f¡gu L$pY$u lsu S>¡_p `f `p¡guk¡ b¡apd Np¡mubpf L$fsp„ 4 ìe[¼sAp¡_p„ d©Ðey \ep„ lsp„. Qua S>[õVk_¡ L$p¡CL¡$ `Ó g¿ep¡ S>¡_¡ Ål¡f rls_u AfÆdp„ a¡fhu_¡ s`pk kp¢`hpdp„ Aphu. L$p¡V®¡$ rNfuicpC_¡ s`pkdp„ dv$v$ L$fhp L$üy„. rNfuicpC L$l¡ R>¡, ""Ap„b¡X$L$fhpmp dyØ¡ k¥Ùp„rsL$ fus¡ lz„ Sy>vy$„ dp_sp¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ L$p¡V£$ dv$v$ L$fhp_y„ L$üy„ lp¡hp\u d¢ BÞ¼hpefudp„ dv$v$ L$fu lsu. s`pkdp„ blpf Apìey„ lsy„ L¡$, bm_¡ hpS>bu W$¡fhu iL$pe sp¡ `Z bm hp`fhp dpV¡$_p _p¡çk® `mpep _\u. L$p¡V®¡$ _p¢Ýey„ lsy„ L¡$ bm L$C fus¡ hp`fhy„ A¡ _½$u \hy„ Å¡CA¡ A_¡ Np¡muAp¡ `N `f S> gpN¡ A¡_y„ Ýep_ Np¡mubpf L$f_pf Ap¡\p¡qfV$uA¡ fpMhy„ Å¡CA¡.

1974dp„ sÐL$pgu_ dy¿e â^p_ Qud_cpC `V¡$g¡ fpÆ_pdy„ Ap`¡gy„ Ðepf¡ MpqX$ep A_¡ fpe`yfdp„ rhS>e kfOk _uL$þep„ lsp„. kfOk_p V$p¡mpA¡ sp¡ap_p¡ iê$ L$ep¯ Ðepf¡ Ðep„ b„v$p¡bõsdp„ gíL$f lsy„ A_¡ gíL$f¡ Np¡mubpf L$f¡gp¡. d_¡ epv$ R>¡ L¡$, S>¡d_¡ `Z Np¡mu hpNu lsu A¡ sdpd_¡ `Ndp„ S> CÅ \C lsu. `fv¡$idp„ Ap`Z¡ Ðep„ \pe R>¡ s¡_p L$fsp„ `Z h^y N„cuf sp¡ap_p¡ \pe R>¡. `p¡guk `f `¡V²$p¡g bp¡çb `Z a¢L$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Apd R>sp„ `p¡gukNp¡mubpfdp„ L$p¡C_p„ d©Ðey \ep„ lp¡e A¡hy„ d¢ ÅÎey„ _\u.''

""fpô²$ue `p¡guk L$rdi_¡ `Z L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$, `p¡gukNp¡mubpfdp„ dp¡V¡$ cpN¡ r_v$p£j dpZkp¡ S> df¡ R>¡. ApTpv$u `R>u lÅfp¡ r_v$p£j dpZkp¡ `p¡gukNp¡mubpfdp„ dep® R>¡, `f„sy kfL$pf L„$C L$fsu _\u. `p¡guk s„Ó_¡ `Z kfL$pf¡ rhL©$s L$fu _p¿ey„ R>¡. `p¡guk kp\¡_p ìehlpfp¡ `Z bfpbf \sp _\u. kÑp^uip¡ `p¡guk s„Ó_p¡ `p¡sp_p õhp\® dpV¡$ D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡. kfL$pf_u dp¡V$pdp„ dp¡V$u bv$dpiu A¡ R>¡ L¡$, `p¡guk AÐepQpf kpd¡ L$p¡C L$p¡V®$dp„ _l] Åe A¡ dpV¡$ sfs S> ÄeyqX$rieg BÞ¼hpefu Ål¡f L$fu v¡$ R>¡.

Np„^uÆA¡ `Z L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$, L$p¡C dpZk_¡ Å_\u dpfu _pMhp_u i¼esp lp¡e Ðepf¡ S> `p¡guk¡ Np¡mubpf L$fhp¡ Å¡CA¡.

NC L$pg_p b_ph_p dm¡gp Al¡hpg âdpZ¡ sp¡ rdgL$s_¡ ApN gNpX$sp„ L¡$ g|„V$apV$ L$fsp„ V$p¡mp„ D`f `p¡guk¡ Np¡mubpf L$ep£ lsp¡. lz„ sp¡ _p_`Z\u MpqX$epdp„ füp¡ Ry>„. d_¡ ¿epg R>¡ L¡$ V$p¡my„ `Õ\f dpfu_¡ cpNu Åe R>¡. A¡d_p `f Np¡mubpf L$ep® hNf `Z A¡d_¡ L$pb|dp„ fpMu iL$pe R>¡.

kp¥\u î¡›$ fõsp¡ A¡ R>¡ L¡$, Aphp b_php¡ b_¡ Ðepf¡ ÄeyqX$rieg BÞ¼hpefu_u Ål¡fps L$fhp_¡ bv$g¡ ÄeyqX$rieg op_ ^fphsu ìe[¼s_¡ s`pk kp¢`hu Å¡CA¡ A_¡ A¡_¡ A¡L$ AW$hpqX$epdp„ S> Al¡hpg Ap`u v¡$hp L$l¡hy„ Å¡CA¡.

Aph¡gp Al¡hpg_¡ Ap^pf¡ S>hpbv$pf `p¡gukp¡ kpd¡ spÐL$pqgL$ `Ngp„ g¡hp„ Å¡CA¡.''

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?