×íe `l¡gy„
d¡k¡Ãeyk¡V¹$k fpÄedp„ fl¡sp Åg_ Ly$Vy„$b `f Apas Aphu `X$u lsu. Ly$Vy„$b_p hX$p rh_p¡v$ Åg__y„ r`õspguk hj£ lpV®$ a¡Bg \hp\u Ahkp_ \ey„. s¡d_u L„$`_u Bg¡¼V²$p¡-L¡$d BÞL$p¡`p£f¡i_ lpBX²$p¡S>_ A_¡ Ap¡[¼kS>_dp„\u EÅ® b_phsu lsu. L„$`_u_u lpgs _bmu lsu. L„$`_u_y„ qfkQ® Mpsy„, L¡$rdL$g A¡[ÞS>r_eqf„N cZ¡gp rh_p¡v$ Åg_ Ås¡ k„cpmsp lsp. `Ð_u fp^p Åg_ A_¡ b¡ v$uL$fuAp¡_¡ AhL$pi DÍ$e_dp„ L$pd Ap`su s¡d_u L„$`_u_u âp¡X$¼V$_u L$iu NspNd _lp¡su. fp^p Åg_ sp¡ L$gL$Ñpdp„ tlv$u_y„ rinZ gC_¡ Ad¡qfL$p Aph¡gp„. kp¡dhpf_p s¡ qv$hk¡ `rs_p v¡$l_¡ A[Á_v$pl Ap`u_¡ fp^p Åg_ õdip_¡\u ku^p Ap¡qak¡ `lp¢Ãep„. L„$`_u_p ¾¡$qX$V$k®_¡ `Óp¡ gMu_¡ kde dpÁep¡ A_¡ `¥kp `fs L$fhp_p¡ hpev$p¡ L$ep£. kde Nydphhp_y„ `fhX¡$ s¡d _lp¡sy„. fp^p Åg_ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ cpÁe¡ S> L$p¡C_¡ ÅZsp„ lsp„. rh^hp bÞep„ s¡ OX$u\u rbT_¡khyd_ bÞep_¡ R> hj® husu Nep„ R>¡. fp^pA¡ L„$`_u_p¡ _ap¡ _h NZp¡ h^pfu v$u^p¡ R>¡. _pkp sfa\u s¡d_¡ AY$u gpM X$p¡gf_u N°pÞV$ dmu R>¡. A_¡ kfL$pf_p A¡_Æ® Mpsp sfa\u kpX$p kps gpM X$p¡gf_p¡ A¡hp¡X®$ dþep¡ R>¡.

×íe buSy>„
kpBbf õ`¡k : NyS>fpsu L$rh _d®v$_u h¡bkpBV$. 19du kv$u_p Ap ¾$p„rsL$pfu, fpô²$â¡du A_¡ kdpS>ky^pfL$ L$rh_u h¡bkpBV$ hp„Qu_¡ bp[ëV$dp¡f_p„ L$rhsp ìepk, Þey S>k}_p„ d^y kp¡g„L$u A_¡ üyõV$__p rb°S>¡i `V¡$g S>¡hp Ad¡qfL$p_p M|Z¡Mp„Qf¡ hksp„ A_¡L$ dps©cpjpâ¡du cpfsuep¡A¡ N¡õV$byL$dp„ `p¡sp_p¡ DdmL$p¡ A„N°¡Ædp„ W$pgìep¡ R>¡. bp[ëV$dp¡f\u L$rhsp ìepk gM¡ R>¡ L¡$ _d®v$_u NyS>fpsu h¡bkpBV$ hp„Qu_¡ "O¡f Apìep_u' gpNZu \pe R>¡.

×íe ÓuSy>„
rkrgL$p¡_ h¡gu : Ad¡qfL$p_p `ròd qL$_pf¡ Aph¡gp¡ 27 _Nfp¡_p¡ b_¡gp¡ kp¥\u amÖz` V¡$¼_p¡gp¡Æ âv¡$i. Al] kpÞV$p ¼g¡fp _Nf_p rdi_ L$p¡g¡S> byg¡hX®$ D`f A¡¼Tp¡X$k L$çeyr_L¡$iÞk_y„ _hy„ dL$p_ s¥epf \ey„ R>¡. Ap L„$`_u_p klõ\p`L$p¡ L¡$.bu. Q„Öi¡Mf A_¡ bu.hu. S>Nv$ui A¡V$gp _d° R>¡ L¡$ dL$p__u gp¡budp„\u `kpf \C Åe R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡d_u lpS>fu S>Zpsu _\u. Q„Öi¡Mf 1992 ky^u cpfsdp„ drl_¡ ê$r`ep 6,000_p¡ `Npf d¡mhsp lsp. ApS>¡ s¡d_u L„$`_u_y„ d|ëep„L$_ rbrgeÞkdp„ A„L$pe R>¡. s¡d_u L„$`_u BÞV$f_¡V$ X¡$V$p d¡_¡S>d¡ÞV$ k¡ÞV$f ^fph¡ R>¡. Ap L„$`_u_u õ\p`_pdp„ s¡d_¡ dv$v$ L$f_pfp L$çàeyV$f r_óZps L„$hg f¡MuA¡ AY$u hj®_u A„v$f S> s¡d_p fp¡L$pZ `f 100 NÏ„ hmsf d¡mhu gu^y„ R>¡. rkrgL$p¡_ h¡gu_p h¡ÞQf L¡$r`V$prgõV$ `pk¡ Aphsu Ly$g â`p¡Tëkdp„\u 25 V$L$p\u h^y â`p¡Tëk `pR>m cpfsuep¡_p„ c¡Å„ R>¡. rkrgL$p¡_ h¡gu_p cÖhN®dp„ AS>e ipl A_¡ gsp q¾$óZ_¹, hr_sp Nyàsp A_¡ _f¡_ Nyàsp, kbuf cpqV$ep A_¡ kylpk `pV$ug k¡rgrb°V$uT R>¡. lh¡ Ap BÞX$p¡-Ad¡qfL$_ âÅ BÞV$f_¡V$ `f_p B-L$p¡dk®_p rbT_¡kdp„ ApNm h^hp d\u flu R>¡.

cpfs\u A_¡ W¡$fW¡$f\u Ad¡qfL$p Aph¡gp d|m cpfsue h„i_p cpfsuep¡_u Ad¡qfL$_ tS>v$Nu_p„ Ap ×íep¡ R>¡. 1965dp„ Ad¡qfL$p_p BrdN°¡i_ L$pev$pdp„ \e¡gp a¡fapf `R>u A_¡ rhe¡s_pd eyÙ_p Afkpdp„ iê$ \e¡gu A¡L$ dlpkaf_y„ Ap _pdy„ R>¡. s¡d_¡ iy„ dþey„ A_¡ iy„ _ dþey„ A¡_y„ kfh¥ey„ R>¡. `|h® Äepf¡ `ròddp„ S>C hõey„ s¡ OX$u_u Ap hps R>¡. bQs_u k„õL©$rsdp„\u h`fpi_u k„õL©$rsdp„ hkhp Aph¡gp cpfsue V$p¡mp_u Ap skhuf R>¡. vy$r_epcfdp„ kykhpV$p dpfu fl¡gp `ròdu hphpTp¡X$pdp„ Ad¡qfL$p_¡ rL$_pf¡ OkX$pC Aph¡gp `|h® v¡$i_p byrÙipmuAp¡, Nfubp¡ A_¡ dÝedhN}Ap¡_u Ap k„Oj®L$\p R>¡.

Ap L$\p i¼e b_u, L$pfZ L¡$ Ad¡qfL$p Myëgp qv$g_y„ R>¡. Ad¡qfL$p_p¡ f„Nc¡v$_p¡, rhv¡$iuAp¡ âÐe¡_p `|h®N°l_p¡ A_¡ Ap„sfrhN°l_p¡ Brslpk lp¡hp R>sp„ vy$r_ep_p buÅ v¡$ip¡_u kfMpdZuA¡ Al] _hp¡ Aph¡gp¡ dpZk TX$`\u kdpS>dp„ kdpC S>C iL¡$ R>¡. A_¡ Mp¡hpC `Z S>C iL¡$ R>¡. Ad¡qfL$_p¡ _hp Aph¡gp dpZk_¡ spL$uspL$u_¡ Å¡sp _\u L¡$ s¡_u `fhpe _\u L$fsp. Ad¡qfL$p_u Ap M|buAp¡, Mprkesp¡A¡ Ad¡qfL$p_¡ BrdN°ÞV¹$k_y„ d½$p b_pìey„ R>¡.

Ap v¡$i NyfyspN°„r\_u M|buAp¡_p¡ v¡$i R>¡ s¡\u s¡ ìe[¼s_¡ l¡fp_ L$fsp¡ _\u. Al] ìe[¼s_u BÃR>p, õhs„Ósp A_¡ A¡L$p„s cNhp_\ue h^y `|Åe R>¡ s¡hu R>p` vy$r_epcf_p¡ rirns hN® ^fph¡ R>¡. vy$r_ep_p¡ dÝedhN® Äepf¡ `ròd bpSy> Å¡sp¡ lp¡e R>¡ Ðepf¡ a¼s Ad¡qfL$p_¡ S> Å¡sp¡ lp¡e R>¡.

dr_gp, Y$pL$p L¡$ ApZ„v$dp„ fl¡sp„ dÝedhN} Ly$Vy„$bp¡ ×Y$`Z¡ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ flu_¡, iê$Apsdp„, sd¡ sdpfu fuscps, cpjp, fusqfhpÅ¡ b^y„ S> Åmhu iL$p¡ R>p¡ A_¡ s¡d R>sp„e X$p¡gf L$dpC iL$p¡ R>p¡. vy$r_epcf_p Nfubp¡ A_¡ `¥kpv$pf b_hp_u L$p¡C sL$ _ Å¡sp gp¡L$p¡ dpV¡$ "Ad¡qfL$_ äuX$d'_u kdS>Z Ap S> R>¡. Ad¡qfL$_ äuX$d blzA\} iåv$ R>¡. ìe[¼s s¡_u dfÆ\u L$p¡C_u A_¡ Mpk sp¡ kdpS>_u V$L$V$L$ rh_p Æhu iL¡$ s¡ Ad¡qfL$_ äuX$d R>¡ s¡hy„ g¡ML$p¡ A_¡ L$gpL$pfp¡ dp_¡ R>¡. Ap Ad¡qfL$_ äuX$d_u dpep\u ApL$jp®C_¡ ApS> ky^udp„ 50 rdrge_\u h^y vy$r_ephpkuAp¡ W¡$fW¡$f\u dps©c|rd_p v¡$ihpku dV$u_¡ BrdN°ÞV¹$k_y„ g¡bg gC_¡ Ad¡qfL$p Apìep R>¡.

BrdN°ÞV$ b_hp_u âq¾$ep_u iê$Aps A¡L$ ky„hpmp Afdp_\u \pe R>¡. S>¡_p V¡$L¡$, tlds A¡L$W$u L$fu_¡, v¡$i R>p¡X$hp_p¡ r_Z®e g¡hp¡ `X¡$ R>¡. A¡L$ gp„bu L$pev$pL$ue, cp¥Np¡rgL$ A_¡ dp_rkL$ kaf M¡X$u_¡ Ap AS>_bu Ad¡qfL$pdp„ Äepf¡ A¡L$ _hp¡ BrdN°ÞV Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ Ad¡qfL$p s¡_u lpS>fu rhdp__u bpfuA¡\u S> L$fphu v¡$ R>¡. h¥fpNu L¡$ Al„L$pfu dpZkp¡ S> Ad¡qfL$p\u `l¡gu _S>f¡ âcprhs \ep rh_p flu iL¡$.

Brslpkdp„ ¼epf¡e L$p¡C v¡$idp„ Aphy„ õ\mp„sf \ey„ _\u. Al] L$p¡C vy$L$pm_p Ópk\u bQhp Apìey„, L$p¡C eyÙ_p lzdgp_p ce\u _pku_¡, L$p¡C `¥kp_u gpgQ¡, L$p¡C Nfubu\u cpNu_¡, L$p¡C Ap`Myv$ kfL$pf\u Å_ bQphu_¡, L$p¡C Ad¡qfL$_ rkõV$d_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp sp¡ L$p¡C Ad¡qfL$_ Bd¡S>\u âcprhs \C_¡ Ad¡qfL$p Apìey„ R>¡. L$p¡L$pL$p¡gp, L$p¡X$pL$, lp¡guh|X$ qaëdp¡ A_¡ Ad¡qfL$_ V$uhuA¡ v$peL$pAp¡\u L$pmÆ`|h®L$ Ecu L$f¡gu R>¡ Ap Bd¡S>. dp¡V$p cpN_p Al] Aph¡ R>¡ V|„$L$ kde dpV¡$, `¥kp L$dpC_¡ `pR>p S>hp dpV¡$, A_¡ dp¡V$p cpN_p Al] S> flu Åe R>¡, hku Åe R>¡, Æhu Åe R>¡.

Ad¡qfL$p_u `ròd¡ Aph¡gu rkrgL$p¡_ h¡gu_u L$çàeyV$f L„$`_uAp¡dp„ L$pd L$f_pfpAp¡ 70\u h^y cpjp bp¡g¡ R>¡. Þey ep¡L®$dp„ 90 V$L$p V¡$¼kuX²$pBhf BrdN°ÞV¹$k R>¡. 1993dp„, gp¡k A¡ÞS>gkdp„ \e¡gp A¡L$ kh£ dyS>b Al]_p V¡$¼kuX²$pBhf A¡L$kp¡\u h^y v¡$ip¡dp„\u Aph¡gp R>¡. Þeyep¡L®$dp„ v$f¡L$ hN®, ^d®, Års, `„\, v¡$i, f„N A_¡ õhcph_p gp¡L$p¡ R>¡. Apef¹g¡ÞX$ L$fsp„ h^y ApBqfi Ad¡qfL$pdp„ R>¡. BTfpeg L$fsp„ h^y elwv$uAp¡ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ R>¡. `p¡g¡ÞX$_p L$p¡C `Z il¡f L$fsp„ h^y `p¡gui gp¡L$p¡ X¡$V²$p¡BV$ il¡fdp„ hk¡ R>¡ A_¡ h¡r_k il¡f L$fsp„ Þeyep¡L®$dp„ BV$prge_p¡_u h^y hkrs R>¡.

Ad¡qfL$pdp„ Mf¡Mf sp¡ L$p¡C "gOydsu' _\u. lL$uL$sdp„ Al]ep„ L$p¡C blzdsudp„ _\u. Ap ^fsu_u rhipmsp Ad¡qfL$p_u Ap¡mM R>¡.Al]_u lÅfp¡ Å¡S>_ ky^u `\fpe¡gu, rhipm, AapV$, A_„s lp¡hp_p¡ cpk L$fphsu S>du_ v$f¡L$ _hp BrdN°ÞV_¡ bp„^u v¡$ R>¡. kp_ äp[ÞkõL$p¡\u bp¡õV$_ hÃQ¡_y„ A„sf Äepf¡ dpqX²$X$\u dp¡õL$p¡ S>¡V$gy„ lp¡e Ðepf¡ A¡ v¡$i_p¡ _Åfp¡ S> AgN lp¡e. Al]_p¡ BrdN°ÞV$ s¡_u gp„bu, gp„bu, gp„bu kX$L$p¡ `f dp„X$ 200 dpCg af¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡_p rhQpfp¡ bv$gphp dp„X¡$ R>¡. Ad¡qfL$p A¡L$ v¡$i L¡$ Qpf Anfp¡_p¡ iåv$ _\u fl¡sp¡, Ad¡qfL$p A¡L$ rhQpf^pfp A_¡ _½$f Arcâpe b_u Åe R>¡. Ap v¡$i_u kp¥\u dp¡V$u rkrÙ A¡ R>¡ L¡$ v$f _hp BrdN°ÞV_¡ s¡ R>¡ëgp L¡$V$gpL$ v$peL$pAp¡\u kps qv$hk_u A„v$f drl_p_u N°p¡kfu Mfuv$hp S>¡V$gu AphL$ Ecu L$fu v¡$ R>¡. A_¡ Äepf¡ cpfs_p¡ Nfub L¡$ dÝedhN} Ad¡qfL$p `lp¢Qu_¡ `l¡gu NpX$u g¡ R>¡, `l¡gu gp¡_ g¡ R>¡, `l¡gp¡ hudp¡ L$Y$ph¡ R>¡, `l¡gu hpf h¡rS>V¡$qfe_ r`ÐTp Mphp f¡õV$p¡fp„dp„ Åe R>¡ Ðepf¡ s¡ Ad¡qfL$p dpV¡$ `p¡sp_p¡ ApNhp¡ Arcâpe bp„^u v¡$ R>¡, A¡L$ _hu ìep¿ep b_phu v¡$ R>¡.

A_¡ `R>u s¡ qv$hk\u Ad¡qfL$p _pd_u L$ë`_p A_¡ Ad¡qfL$p _pd_u hpõsrhL$sp s¡_u tS>v$Nu_p b¡ qL$_pfp b_u Åe R>¡.

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?